The History of the Toque de VIda TV Program

Read the full dissertation: "Preaching for everyone and for no one"

 

 

 

The Toque de Vida program

     The Toque de Vida program marked the IELB's return to broadcast television in Brazil in 2004.[25] After many years absent from this medium, the daily program premiered on November 26 of that year as a project of ULBRA's Pastoral Ministry, launched in partnership with UlbraTV.[26] Dieter J. Jagnow describes the program as consisting of four segments distributed over six minutes: an opening, a message, a music video, and a closing.[27] He adds: “The program is produced and presented by Pastor Lucas Albrecht, who works in the Campus Ministry.”[28] Jagnow further quotes that:

the language of the program was not developed for those who already have ties to a religious denomination, but to try to communicate with those who do not yet have, or still do not know, the Gospel.[29]

Its focus was on connecting with a broader audience outside the Lutheran community.

1.3.1 Production routine

 To gain insight into the technical aspects of production, interviews were conducted with three producers who worked on Toque de Vida: Tatiana Nucci, Fernanda Chacon Bordinhão, and Fabiano Ribeiro da Silva.

Tatiana Nucci, a journalist and publicist, was involved in the program from its inception in 2004 until 2007. Nucci explains that the message segment was the longest and often made analogies to everyday life.[30] She also mentions that the program started to air at the opening and closing of Ulbra TV's daily schedule.[31] The show's production in the 2004-07 period consisted of a basic routine: the presenter organized all the show's content during the week. The team, based in the ULBRA TV studios in Porto Alegre, traveled to the ULBRA campus in Canoas once or twice weekly for recordings.[32] Nucci details the recording process: “we divided it into the following moments: heads,[33] messages and final reflection. The three parts were recorded for each day of the week so that it was always something new.”[34] The team’s dedication to producing new material meant recordings were scheduled even during vacation periods to avoid reruns.[35]

Fernanda Chacon Bordinhão, a publicist who worked on the program from 2008 to 2013, recalls that recordings during her tenure were completed in one-hour weekly sessions. The presenter recorded all episodes for the week in one sitting.[36] The production team received scripts for the segments, reviewed the texts, and recorded the openings and main messages. [37]

Fabiano Ribeiro da Silva, a journalist and executive producer of TV and radio, and the current producer of Toque de Vida, highlights the program’s "productive and organized routine," always adhering to logistical plans and schedule. [38]     
           

1.3.2 Visual language

 The development of the program's visual language, according to Bordinhão, was based on closed shots[39] in studio recordings, and in outdoor settings, the use of camera movements and open shots[40]. In some messages, interactivity with other elements was also used. She also adds that in the edition of the program, videoclips of music related to the theme were inserted.[41] Nucci reports that, for editing the program the presenter brought the tape with the recorded materials for the editing work.[42] Nucci, who contributed to the program's early structure, describes how the initial setting was Ulbra Canoas’ chapel, chosen for its beauty.:

In the beginning, due to the beautiful chapel located on Ulbra Canoas, it was decided that it would be the setting for all the programs. Over time we decided to do it in other places of the university to illustrate, when possible, some message themes.[43]

A variety of locations were used to enhance the visual aspect of the program. And in line with the making and formatting of the program from the beginning, Silva notes that thematic, real-life illustrations remain central to the program's format.^[44]

 

1.3.3. Content and target audience

 The spoken language of the program, developed with Pastor Lucas Albrecht, was intentionally simple and conversational to reach a wide television audience, recalls Bordinhão. “A program that would enter people's homes every day should be easy for the whole family to understand its message.”[45] Nucci notes that the objective was not the intellectual deepening of the Lutheran doctrine, but communication of the basic principles of the religion. “It was made for all types of viewers, with a language that always seeks to insert itself in the context of today's society”, she stresses.[46] Silva underscores that the program's success lies in its clarity and brevity, making it accessible to both Christians and non-Christians alike, always seeking to be clear and objective.[47]

When asked to evaluate factors that were and are considered when editing the program, regarding its objective of communicating a Christian message to the public of Porto Alegre Metro Area, the producers emphasized clarity and objectivity. Nucci observes the importance given also in editing to setting up the program with simple and precise language, “that informs and does not tire the viewer”.[48] This led the team to be careful with the artistic part during the recording, trying different lighting, with beautiful and pleasant angles.[49] Bordinhão points out that another target of the production team was the emphasis on the importance of delivering a message in an informal way, “without a commitment to having words and actions always in the same way” .[50] Further to that, Nucci observes that,

During edition, the process basically was to unite the three parts in which we divided the recording: head, message, and final reflection. It was important to send a clear and direct message, because that was the idea of the program: a touch of life.[51]

For Bordinhão,

One of the main factors that I believed to be important in editing the programs was to convey a message in a more informal way (…). I'm not a Lutheran, but I learned many things editing, participating in the recordings of Services and the daily Toque de Vida, in a more relaxed way, without the obligation to join the religion. Toque de Vida was like that, for the public that wants to do good, receive messages of motivation and pass on a message of life, for people's lives.[52]  

Discussing the continuity of the project in 2015, Silva points out the care and attention to visual aesthetics and audio of the program. He also emphasizes that the production of the program addresses and respects Christian frames, to convey the message both with reflection and emotion, "in addition to clips, which are also shaped by the aspects addressed".[53]

 

1.3.4. Effectiveness of format and language

 Bordinhão understands that the program achieves its objective by focusing on people open to new information, with faith and with a more contemporary profile. “These are people who set aside a small amount of time each day to receive words of comfort and motivation.”^[54] Silva understands that the effectiveness of the program lies, in large part, in the fact that it addresses real and obvious everyday situations, also including commemorative dates. “The effectiveness [is] in its simple and brief communication”, he points out, indicating that the message reaches both those who are Christians and has the potential to win over those who are not.[55] And Nucci highlights the program’s appeal to a broad audience, with a dynamic format suitable for morning and evening broadcasts. She mentions that it was possible to create an attractive program, easily accessible to the whole family. Being a program shown in the morning and in the evening, reaching different audiences, it needed a fully comprehensive and dynamic format. And she concludes: “I believe that Toque de Vida was able to connect to all types of viewers.”[56]

When asked about their experiences, the producers—none of whom were Lutheran—reflected on the program’s impact in response to the question: “What caught your attention the most in the messages during the period in which you worked on the production of the Toque de Vida program?” Silva Silva emphasized the program's diversity and creativity.[57] Bordinhão hared that, although she is not Lutheran, she learned a great deal through her involvement in the daily Toque de Vida and Toque de Vida Services[58] on Sundays, as well as in her relationship with other participants. For the publicist, the distinctiveness of Toque de Vida lies in its format, which engages directly with the public. “The language is different—direct, easier to understand—without the obligation to tie it to religion, and, most importantly, it is relevant to everyday situations and people's lives.”[59] Nucci found that “the most interesting thing is that the messages always resonate with everyone in some way. They address everyday situations in a simple and clear manner.” She believes that the name of the program, Toque de Vida, clearly reflects its content, which meets the expectations of its viewers.[60]

In her additional comments, Nucci expressed her satisfaction with having participated in the program’s history, stating, “It was very gratifying to work on the Toque de Vida program with Pastor Lucas. It was years of learning through his messages and explanations.[61]

From the analysis and feedback of the producers, we can draw some conclusions for the creation and execution of a Lutheran television program: brief messages, especially in a format that aims to speak to everyone while being accessible even to non-Lutheran viewers. Key insights include: clear and objective language that resonates with viewers' lives, the use of everyday illustrations, informal language, attention to audio and video quality, and skilled editing to add dynamism to the program.

1.3.5. Lutheran Worship on TV

 In 2008, Toque de Vida led a significant communication breakthrough for IELB. Following the first radio broadcast of a Lutheran service in 1929 by Dr. Rodolpho Hasse, the first full Lutheran service was broadcast live on TV, covering the entire area served by Ulbra TV. This milestone occurred during IELB's 104th anniversary service on June 22nd.[62] The service was led by the pastors of the then Comunidade Evangélica Luterana São Paulo (CELSP), which at that time sponsored ULBRA, and was later replaced in 2014 by the Associação Educacional Luterana do Brasil (Aelbra).[63] The unprecedented initiative also marked the beginning of regular Sunday broadcasts of recorded services from the chapel of Ulbra, incorporated into the Toque de Vida program. In a celebration that featured the institution's Orchestra and Sacred Choir, Pastor Lucas Albrecht emphasized that the Lutheran Church still had much to learn about television.[64] It was also mentioned that the format and liturgy of the service did not change due to the TV broadcast.[65] The services, recorded in Comunidade São Paulo, and later sermons from the Toque de Vida Services continue to be aired in 2015.[66]

1.3.6. Format and periodicity in 2015

 In 2015 the program Toque de Vida airs on ULBRA TV from Monday to Friday at 7:15 am. On Saturdays, at 8:00am and 12:20pm. And on Sundays, at 8:00am, alternating between “The Christian Lutheran Worship” and “Toque de Vida Varieties”.[67] The daily program is eight minutes long and the presentation is given by Pastor Lucas Albrecht [68], 39 years old, journalist, Head-chaplain of Ulbra.[69]

The Toque de Vida program on ULBRA TV started in 2004 has had developments in new platforms. In January 2006 the blog “Toque de Vida” was launched.[70] Later Toque de Vida via e-mail was launched in the same year, with messages written 3 to 5 times a week,[71] sent to subscribers.[72] In 2008 the book “Toque de Vida” came to the market,[73] which had its official launch at the 2008 Porto Alegre Book Fair.[74] In 2011, the Toque de Vida page was created on the social network Facebook .[75]  In September 2013, Toque de Vida went on to the Radio, a daily version on Rádio Mix FM, owned by Ulbra. It was the “Minuto Toque de Vida”(The Toque de Vida Minute), airing at 6:55am and 6:40pm.[76] As another development of the missionary project, the “Touch of Life Services” began in 2014, held on Saturday evenings, 7:30pm at Colégio Ulbra Cristo Redentor, in Canoas.[77] Another product was launched in 2015, the Touch of Life Minute for Ulbra TV.[78] All the connected products are running on a regular basis to the date of this paper.

1.3.7. Numbers 2004-2015

 In over 10 and a half years of existence, from November 2004 to June 2015, the Toque de Vida Project records the following numbers:

Toque de Vida Program, ULBRA TV: The program was aired for the first time on November 26, 2004. There are no records in the pastoral files of the number of recordings and programs of the debut year. During the following year, 2005, the Pastoral's records are not very precise, but they make it possible to identify about 80 recorded messages, some of them delivered by guest pastors.[79] During 2006, even without a more precise organization of dates and message titles, around 170 recorded messages can be reckoned with a few more messages made by guests.[80]

From 2007 onwards, the archive of the Campus Ministry’s retrancas has more precise information allowing a better visualization of the recorded and reruns. For that year, there were 224 programs recorded by the presenter and 45 programs recorded by guests. Still in 2007 a variety program is launched, the Sunday program called “Touch de Interview” with 16 editions. Among those interviewed were Seminary professor, Ulbra Professors, local Pastors, a student, an American pastor, and representatives from Celsp. The other dates showed reruns in a total of 80. Among the message recording locations, in addition to the chapel, are the Martin Luther Library, the Football Stadium, the Dental School building, streets, parking lots and inside a moving car.[81]

The year 2008 was one of the seasons of most intense activity for the program. It is possible to identify the following: 223 programs recorded by Pr. Lucas, 11 interviews/special programs on Saturday/Sunday, 38 messages from guest pastors. There were also aired 25 Sunday services, whose recording and exhibition began on that this year,[82] and a rerun. Also, 68 reruns of daily programs. Among the illustrations and locations used for the daily programs are a clipboard, scaffolding, chapel, piano, hanger, train, ladder, car, battery, lake, tree (climbing), museum, pipe organ, air conditioner, University Hospital, Bible Fair, classroom, chimarrão, camcorder and war tank.[83]

The year 2009 presents the following records: 204 messages from Pastor Lucas, 41 messages from guest pastors, and reruns on the other dates. There were 41 services aired on Sundays, including the IELB’s 105th Anniversary Service and the ULBRA’s Anniversary Service, in addition to the Celsp’s Anniversary Service. It is not possible to determine, however, how many of them are new and how many are reruns. This year, the special story “Um Toque de Natal”(A Touch of Christmas) was recorded, produced and directed by Ulbra TV's production team. It had the special participation of Pastor Lucas[84], and among others the University Chapel was also a location.[85] Among the illustrations used on this year are: photos from the web, chess piece, pen drive, knife, tractor noise, lamp, balloon, cold, cell phone, keychain, orthodontic device, coffee, chair, pen, key, fountain, terminal bus, alcohol gel, rails, sticks, elevator and matches.[86]

In 2010, Pastor Lucas recorded 180 new messages. The guest pastors had 46 participations, some of which were recorded at the IELB National Convention in Foz do Iguaçu, PR. 33 services were aired on Sundays and there were about 100 reruns. Among the illustrations are a screen, a coffee cup, a parking lot, a data show, a fire extinguisher, a card machine, electronic scrap, air conditioning, a chimarrão bowl, a rear-view mirror, a dental appliance, an orange leaf, rain, a cell phone, haircut, cars, aspirin, coffee powder, book, glasses, cell phone charger, ruler, monitor, framing, weight, hospital.[87]

In 2011 there were 157 messages from Pastor Lucas and 74 from guest pastors. 33 services were shown on Sunday and there were Easter and Christmas Special Programs. The reruns totaled 101. From the illustrations we find accordion, altar, works on campus, white cloth, candles and chandelier, air conditioning and a self-interview, where Pastor Lucas recorded the part of interviewer and interviewee, with a week of difference.[88]

In 2012, the numbers indicate 129 messages from Pastor Lucas, 97 from guest pastors and the exhibition of 25 services on Sundays, with a total of 114 reruns. Among the illustrations: piano, chapel, baptismal font, medicine, notepad, blood pressure measuring device, microphone, library, crumpled paper, credit card, Facebook.[89]

In 2013, there were 90 messages from Pastor Lucas and 127 messages from guest pastors. On Sundays, 17 services were exhibited. A special program was recorded for Sundays detailing the Lutheran Liturgy part by part.[90] This year was the debut of Toque de Vida Varieties, with programs of debate and special messages. The topics covered on the Varieties program were: How a Lutheran congregation works, Pentecost, Interview with the IELB National Board, Church and State, 4^th International Luther Symposium, University Chaplaincy, Concordia Seminary, Lutheran Bible School, School Chaplaincy, Hospital Chaplaincy, Biblical Society of Brazil and Advent and Christmas. The reruns totaled 119 editions.[91]

In 2014, reruns greatly surpassed unpublished messages. 58 messages from pastor Lucas and 29 from guest pastors are recorded, with 270 reruns throughout the year. On Sundays, when there was no rerun, recorded messages were shown in the Toque de Vida services, in addition to the DVD of “the Worship Leader” Project.[92]

As of June 30, 2015, the records of the program are: 38 messages from Pastor Lucas and 139 reruns. On Sundays, mainly reruns, except for three messages from the Toque de Vida Services and the documentary “Forte em Santa União”.[93]

In summary, considering the unpublished daily messages (the focus of this work), the total indicates at least 1550 messages produced by Pastor Lucas and approximately 500 by guest pastors.

Webblog Toque de Vida: Started on January 20, 2006, [94]the pastoral electronic diary recorded 336 posts in 2006, 449 in 2007, 605 in 2008, 457 in 2009, 348 in 2010, 327 in 2011, 196 in 2012, 142 in 2013 and 75 posts in 2014, In 2015, there are 10 posts until April, in a total of 2945 posts in the period.[95]

Touch of Life by e-mail: Started on September 21, 2006, sending short messages by e-mail, it reached the following numbers: 56 messages in 2006, 204 messages in 2007, 211 messages in 2008, 149 messages in 2009, 117 messages in 2010, 89 messages in 2011, 67 messages in 2012, 60 messages in 2013 and 53 messages in 2014. In 2015, 12 emails were sent until the month of April. In total, 1018 emails with message, closing phrase and, on some occasions, information, news, comments and promotions.[96]

Toque de Vida by email, English: On May 17, 2008, the English version of Toque de Vida, “Touch of Life” was started. In the beginning, written and edited by Pastor Lucas. As of July 18, of the same year, the text was revised and edited by Deaconess Kim Starr, from St. Louis, Missouri, USA. Most messages are translations of Toques de Vida in Portuguese. The numbers indicate 35 messages sent in 2008, 28 in 2009, 21 messages in 2010, 19 messages in 2011, 12 in 2012, 6 in 2013 and 9 in 2014, in a total of 130 emails. In 2015, until the month of June, the sending of messages had not yet resumed.[97]

Toque de Vida by email, Spanish: On June 6, 2008, The Spanish Toque de Vida was launched. Most messages are translations of Toques de Vida in Portuguese. Until 2010, they were made by Rev. André Luiz Müller. In 2011 and 2012, by the (then) Brazilian missionary in the Dominican Republic, Rev. Walter T. Ries Jr. The numbers of Toque de Vida in Spanish are 26 messages sent in 2008, 16 in 2009, 5 messages in 2010, 7 messages in 2011 and 6 messages in 2012. Since then, the sending was suspended and, in 2015, until the month of June, messaging had not yet resumed.[98]

Minuto Toque de Vida, Mix FM: Started on September 20, 2013 as a program of approximately 90 seconds, it has the following numbers: 102 unpublished programs in 2013, 65 conducted by Pastor Lucas and 37 by Rev. Angelo Elicker; in 2014, a total of 365 messages, 47 were recorded by Pastor Ângelo, 189 by Pastor Lucas and 129 were reruns. Until April 30, the 2015 recordings totaled 24 programs, while the reruns, 96 editions.[99]

Toque de Vida page on Facebook: Started on June 29, 2011, the page had, in April 2015, 705 likes. The space is essentially used to publish the messages written in the Toque de Vida by email and the messages in a reduced version, used in the Minuto Toque de Vida of Mix FM.[100]

Touch of Life Services: An ULBRA Campus Ministry Project started on May 10^th, 2014. It consists of Christian Lutheran Confessional Services held on Saturday evenings at ULBRA Cristo Redentor Elementary and High School. On its Facebook page the Services are described as: “a community of people coming together for a moment of contemporary Christian music, both vibrant and reflective, prayer and biblical teaching applied to practice.” In July 2015, the page, which was essentially used to publicize the themes of services and programs, had 298 likes.[101]

Minuto Toque de Vida, Ulbra TV: Started in the first half of 2015 as a program of approximately 90 seconds, to be broadcast during breaks on Ulbra TV. Until June 2015, it had 16 finished programs.[102]

 

______________________________________

[25] JAGNOW, Dieter. TV as a vehicle for evangelization in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Brazil. In: Theology Magazine. Year 1, number 2. Dec 2010- Jan 2011, p.36.

[26] http://www.ulbratv.com.br/historico/ Accessed on: April 29, 2015

[27]Jagnow,. Dieter. TV as a vehicle for evangelization in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Brazil. In: Theology Magazine. Year 1, number 4. February and March 2011. p.14

[28]Id.Ibid., p.14

[29]Jagnow, Dieter. TV as a vehicle for evangelization in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Brazil. In: Theology Magazine. Year 1, number 4. February and March 2011, p.14

[30]NUCCI, Tatiana. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email)

[31]Id.Ibid.

[32]Id.Ibid.

[33]NA: Journalistic term. “Head: It is the lead [introduction] of the matter. The person who reads it is always the presenter who introduces the subject of the article made by the reporter”. Available in: http://jornal.metodista.br/tele/manual/glossario.htm Access: April 30, 2015

[34]NUCCI, Tatiana. Master's Interview . March 2015. (Communication via email)

[35]NUCCI, Tatiana. Master's Interview . March 2015. (Communication via email)

[36]NA: Journalistic term. “Call: Text about the main highlights of the newscast, transmitted within the broadcaster's normal programming. It aims to attract the viewer”. In the case of Toque de Vida, the term Retranca, used internally between presenter and production, would probably be more appropriately applied. “Retranca: Identification of the topic. It is the name of a given program. It is only used internally and only highlights two words from the Video.” Available at: http://jornal.metodista.br/tele/manual/glossario.htm Access: April 30, 2015

[37]BORDINHAO, Fernanda Chacon. Master's Interview . March 2015. (Communication via email).

[38]SILVA, Fabiano Ribeiro da. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[39]NA: Closed shot, or close-up: “the camera is very close to the subject, so that it occupies almost the entire scene, without leaving large spaces around it. It is a plane of INTIMACY and EXPRESSION.” Source: http://www.primeirofilme.com.br/site/o-livro/enquadramentos-planos-e-angulos/

[40]NA Open plan, or long shot: – “the camera is far from the object, so that it occupies a small part of the scene. It is an AMBIENTATION plan.” Source:  
  http://www.primeirofilme.com.br/site/o-livro/enquadramentos-planos-e-angulos/

[41]BORDINHAO, Fernanda Chacon. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[42]Id.Ibid.

[43]NUCCI, Tatiana. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[44]SILVA, Fabiano Ribeiro da. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[45]BORDINHAO, Fernanda Chacon. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[46]NUCCI, Tatiana. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[47]SILVA, Fabiano Ribeiro da. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[48]NUCCI, Tatiana. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[49]Id.Ibid.

[50]BORDINHAO, Fernanda Chacon. Master's Interview . March 2015. (Communication via email).

[51]NUCCI, Tatiana. Master's Interview . March 2015. (Communication via email).

[52]BORDINHAO, Fernanda Chacon. Master's Interview . March 2015. (Communication via email).

[53]SILVA, Fabiano Ribeiro da. Master's Interview . March 2015. (Communication via email).

[54]BORDINHAO, Fernanda Chacon. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[55]SILVA, Fabiano Ribeiro da. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[56]NUCCI, Tatiana Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[57]SILVA, Fabiano Ribeiro da. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[58] See p.20.

[59]BORDINHAO, Fernanda Chacon. Master's Interview. March 2015. (Communication via email).

[60]Id.Ibid.

[61]Id.Ibid.

[62]“TV service broadcast marks 104 years of IELB foundation”. Available at: http://noticias.gospelmais.com.br/transmissao-de-culto-pela-teve-marca-104-anos-de-fundacao-da-ielb.html . Accessed on April 30, 2015

[63]“Ulbra confirms it will have a new sponsoring entity”. Available at:             http://www.diariodecanoas.com.br/_conteudo/2014/04/noticias/regiao/39503-ulbra-confirma-que-tera-nova-entidade-mantenedora.html Accessed on April 30, 2015

[64]“TV Service broadcast marks 104 years of IELB’s foundation”. Available in:          
 http://noticias.gospelmais.com.br/transmissao-de-culto-pela-teve-marca-104-anos-de-fundacao-da-ielb.html . Accessed on April 30, 2015

[65]Id.Ibid.

[66]“ Touch of Life ”. Available at: http://www.ulbratv.com.br/toque-de-vida/ Accessed on April 30, 2015.

[67]Id.Ibid.

[68]“Touch of Life”. Available at: http://old.hagah.com.br/programacao-tv/jsp/default.jsp?uf=1&action=programa&canal=ULB&operadora=15&programa=0000071040&evento=000000530358992&gds=1 Access: April 30, 2015. The description of the program's content, on this website, says: “Moments of peace and reflections on the screen. Touch of Life is presented by Pastor Lucas Albrecht who brings to our life, through the Lutheran message, the word that comforts us”

[69]“Head-Chaplain”. Available at: http://www.ulbra.br/sobreaulbra/pastor-lucas-andre-albrecht.html Accessed: April 30, 2015

[70]“Daily Pastoral ”. Available at http://toquedevida.blogspot.com.br/2006/01/pastoral-diria.html Accessed: April 30, 2015.

[71] Touch of Daily Life. Email sent on September 21, 2006.

[72] Pastoral Activities. Available at: http://www.ulbra.br/pastoral/atividades-da-pastoral/ Accessed: April 30, 2015.

[73] The Book. Available at: http://toquedevida.blogspot.com.br/2008/10/o-livro.html Accessed: April 30, 2015.

[74] Launch. Available at: http://toquedevida.blogspot.com.br/2008/11/lannamento.html Accessed: April 30, 2015.

[75]Available at: https://www.facebook.com/programatoquedevida Access: April 30, 2015

[76] Pastoral Activities. Available at: http://www.ulbra.br/pastoral/atividades-da-pastoral/ Accessed: April 30, 2015.

[77] Touch of Life Services. Available at: http://ulbra.br/pastoral/culto-toque-de-vida/ Access: May 5, 2015. In their description on the Facebook page , the Toque de Vida Cults are presented as “a community of people who meet for a moment of contemporary Christian music, both vibrant and reflective, prayer and biblical teaching applied to practice. Messages that seek to answer the question: “What do the Bible and faith have to do with my daily life?” Available at: https://www.facebook.com/cultostoquedevida/info?tab=page_info Access: May 5, 2015.

[78] Available at: https://www.facebook.com/programatoquedevida Access: June 30, 2015

[79] Touch of Life. Material available at the Pastoral archive in Canoas, RS. Accessed May 21, 2015.

[80]ID Ibid.

[81]ID Ibid.

[82]“TV service broadcast marks 104 years of IELB foundation ”. Available at: http://noticias.gospelmais.com.br/transmissao-de-culto-pela-teve-marca-104-anos-de-fundacao-da-ielb.html . Accessed on May 21, 2015

[83] Touch of Life. Material available at the Pastoral archive in Canoas, RS. Accessed May 21, 2015.

[84] http://www.imdb.com/name/nm4529907/

[85] Available in: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aGZ3kv0ZVfY (Part 01) and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JqXFz1s2Yy0 (Part 02)

[86] Touch of Life. Material available at the Pastoral archive in Canoas, RS. Accessed May 21, 2015.

[87] ID Ibid.

[88] Touch of Life. Material available at the Pastoral archive in Canoas, RS. Accessed May 21, 2015.

[89] ID Ibid.

[90] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9vw8SbPgtfU

[91] Touch of Life. Material available at the Pastoral archive in Canoas, RS. Accessed May 21, 2015.

[92] ID Ibid.

[93]“Touch of Life ”: Material available in the archive of Pastoral Canoas. Accessed on July 10, 2015.

[94]“Daily Pastoral ”. Available at: http://toquedevida.blogspot.com.br/2006/01/pastoral-diria.html Accessed on: May 12, 2015.

[95]Source: http://toquedevida.blogspot.com.br/ Accessed on: May 12, 2015

[96]“Touch of Life ”: Material available in the archive of Pastoral Canoas. Accessed in June 2015.

[97]“Touch of life ”: Material available in the archive of Pastoral Canoas. Accessed in June, 2015.

[98]“Touch of Life ”: Material available in the archive of Pastoral Canoas. Accessed in June, 2015.

[99]“ Minute Toque de Vida Mix FM ”: Material available in the Pastoral Canoas archive. Accessed in June, 2015

[100] https://www.facebook.com/programatoquedevida Accessed on May 12, 2015.

[101] https://www.facebook.com/cultostoquedevida Accessed on: July 10, 2015.

[102] Drops Touch of Life Ulbra TV: Material available in the Pastoral Canoas archive. Accessed in June 2015